Overview of Database

Hi friends, I am came with another topic "Overview of Database". Before talking about database we need to understand what is data? Data are facts about the people, place, events etc. Now if we talk about people data then it may people have some name, people living somewhere, people doing something etc.? If talk about place data then place have some name, place have some area, place may have some history etc. If talk about event data then where is the event done or to be done, when is the event done or to be done etc.

Data definition can also be called metadata. Metadata is nothing but it is a data about data. Take an example: - if there is data like given bellow then can you tell me what is abc, what is 40 what is xx, what is male etc.

                                                abc         40         xx      male

No one can tell me that what these all is. But if we define these data like given bellow:

                                    Name               Age     Address           Gender

                                    abc                   40        xx                    male

Now everyone can easily tell that abc is a name, 40 is a age, xx is an address and male is a gender. So name, age, address and gender these all are called metadata or data definition or data about data. These all defining that which type of data are taken here. And abc, 40, xx and male these all are called data.

Now another think is that what is information? If we talk about information then we found that information is nothing but processed data is called information. For example: We already discuss above about data. Now bellow is the example of information.

AP       Male                ?

            Female             ?

TS        Male                ?

            Female             ?

MH      Male                ?

            Female             ?

Above data is called information. Because with the help of above data it is too easy to find that how may male living in AP, how many male in TS etc. These data are called processed data.

Now Came on the Database. A database is nothing but a database is collection of interrelated data typically stored in disk. For example a bank database stores data related to customer, transaction, loans etc. A university database stores data related to students, collage, course etc. A university database can’t store data about student, bank loans etc. That’s why database called collection of interrelated data.

Database are two types: -

• OLTP (Online Transaction Processing)
• OLAP (Online Analytical Processing)

Both OLTP and OLAP are the type of database but OLTP is called as DB (Database) and OLAP is called as DWH (Data Warehouse). This is because in present era organizations maintain these two database. Organizations maintain OLTP for storing day-to-day transections. And it’s for running business. But OLAP is maintain by organizations for analysing business.

Day-to-day operations on database includes:

            C ---> Creation (insertion)

            R ---> Read (Retrieving)

            U ---> Update

            D ---> Delete